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Foot & Ankle Information

Dr Mark Nelson

Foot & Ankle Specialist

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Foot and Ankle Medical Information

Welcome to one of the most comprehensive sources of foot and ankle medical information on the internet.  This section contains links to many articles and websites that have medical information about foot and ankle problems.  There are also links to podiatry-related information and general medical information.  We will continue to add new topics and improved information to this website, so remember to check back again in the future. 

Click the underlined links listed below to view the information, then click the "back" button on your browser to return to this webpage.  Some links will take you off this website.  If you have difficulty finding the information you are looking for, try the Search This Site webpage or the Google Search at the bottom of this page.  Please read the disclaimer at the bottom of the page.

Remember to visit our online Foot Care Store for items such as orthotics (arch supports), anti-fungal medications, corn pads, night splints, heel cushions, infrared therapy, ionic air purifiers and much more. 

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Definition of Abbreviations

APMA = American Podiatric Medical Association
ACFAS = American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons
AAPSM = American Academy of Podiatric Sports Medicine

 

General Foot & Ankle Care Information

FAQ (frequently asked questions) on Feet  (APMA)
Bones of the Foot  (APMA)
Common Foot Problems  (APMA)
Do's & Don'ts of Footcare  (APMA)
Foot Health  (APMA)
Footwear  (APMA)
Medicare  (APMA)
On-the-Job Foot Health  (APMA)
Senior Walking Tips  (APMA)
Self-Assessment Quiz  (APMA)
75,000 Mile Checkup  (APMA)
Walking  (APMA)
 

 

 

Foot & Ankle Disorders - General Topics

Aging  (APMA)
Arthritis  (APMA)
Arthritis FAQ  (APMA)
Arthritic Disorders (ACFAS)
Athlete's Foot (foot fungus)  (APMA)
Children's Feet  (APMA)
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy  (ACFAS)
Flatfoot, Progressive Painful  (ACFAS)
Flying  (APMA)
Gout & Your Feet  (ACFAS)
High Blood Pressure  (APMA)
Injuries of the Foot & Ankle  (APMA)
Orthotics  (APMA)
Stress Fractures  (AAPSM)
Tarsal Coalitions  (AAPSM)
Tarsal Coalitions 2  (AAPSM)
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome  (ACFAS)
Warts  (APMA)
Women's Feet  (APMA)

 

Foot & Ankle Disorders - Surgery

Surgery - Foot & Ankle  (ACFAS)
Surgery - Forefoot  - including bunion surgery (APMA)
Surgery - Rearfoot  (APMA)
 

Foot & Ankle Disorders - Heel Pain / Arch Pain

Plantar Fasciitis & Heel Pain (APMA)
Plantar Fasciitis  (AAPSM)
Plantar Fasciitis & Heel Disorders (ACFAS)
 

Foot & Ankle Disorders - Bunions

Bunions - Hallux Valgus  (APMA)
Bunion Deformities - Hallux Valgus (ACFAS)
 

Foot & Ankle Disorders - Hammertoes

Hammertoes  (APMA)
Hammertoe Disorders  (ACFAS)
 

Foot & Ankle Disorders - Toenail Fungus

Toenail Fungus  (APMA)
Toenail Problems  (APMA)
Toenail Disorders  (ACFAS)
 

Foot & Ankle Disorders - Pain in the Ball of Foot

Neuromas  (APMA)
Neuromas  (ACFAS)
"Stone Bruise" / Metatarsalgia (AAPSM)
 

Foot & Ankle Disorders - Diabetes

Diabetic Foot Problems - including diabetic ulcer (ACFAS)
Diabetes FAQ  (APMA)
Diabetes & Feet  (APMA)
Diabetic Wound Care - Diabetic Ulcer (APMA)
 

Foot & Ankle Disorders - Ankle

Ankle Sprains  (ACFAS)
Ankle Sprains  (AAPSM)
Arthroscopy of the Foot & Ankle  (ACFAS)
 

Sports Medicine Foot Health Information

Aerobics  (APMA)
Baseball  (APMA)
Basketball  (APMA)
Children & Sports  (APMA)
Contact Sports  (APMA)
Cycling  (APMA)
General Fitness  (APMA)
Golf  (APMA)
Knee Injuries from Overuse  (AAPSM)
Midfoot Cutouts on Sport Shoes  (AAPSM)
Patello-Femoral Dysfunction  (AAPSM)
Running  (APMA)
Running Style  (AAPSM)
Replacing Your Shoes  (AAPSM)
Shin Splints  (AAPSM)
Shoe Wear Patterns  (AAPSM)
Socks  (AAPSM)
Tennis  (APMA)
Walking  (APMA)
Winter Sports  (APMA)

 

Shoe Lists - Recommended by AAPSM

Running Shoes
Cross-Training / Aerobic Shoes
Basketball Shoes
Hiking Boots
Walking Shoes
Soccer Shoes
Other Sport Shoes (Tennis, Golf, Baseball, Volleyball)

 

Quarterly Newsletter from the ACFAS

Footnotes - Spring 2002 Issue - articles on foot pain, walking for exercise, diabetes, flat feet in children.
Footnotes - Summer 2002 Issue - articles on weekend athlete injuries, lawnmower injuries, youth sports.
Footnotes - Winter 2002 Issue - articles on heel pain, winter injuries, bunions.

     **The newsletters require Adobe Acrobat, which can be downloaded for free.


Press Release Articles from the ACFAS

Recent Articles

    Foot Ulcers Affect 15 Percent of all Diabetic Patients
    Diabetic Ulcers Linked to Foot Structure Abnormalities
    Neuropathy is Key Predictor for Amputation Risk in Diabetic Patients
    Seniors:  Repair Crossover Toe to Stay Active
    Old Ankle Sprains Increase Risk for Newly Active Baby Boomers     (Watch Video News Release--Real Media file)

    Simpler Bunion Surgeries Recommended for Advanced Cases
    Study Shows Surgery for Tailor's Bunion is 96 Percent Successful
    Correct Flat Feet Before Adolescence

    Popular Flip-flop Sandals Linked To Rising Youth Heel Pain Rate
   

Athletes

    Heel Pain Afflicts Weekend Athletes
    Summer Games Can Cause Foot and Ankle Pain
    The Right Shoe Can Help Prevent Achilles Tendon Injuries
    Runners: Fit Feet Finish Faster
    Golfers: Don't Be Handicapped With Foot Pain!
    Winter Court Sports Can Present Problems for Feet, Ankles
    Podiatric Surgeons Advise Athletes: "Don't Play With Foot Pain"
    Snowboarders Incur More Foot and Ankle Injuries than Skiers
    Golfers: Keep Your Eye on the Ball…Of Your Foot

Children

Infant Clubfoot Can Be Corrected Without Surgery
Early Surgery Corrects Flat Feet in Kids
Parents: Check Kids' Feet Before School Starts
Careful Back-To-School Shopping Prevents Foot Problems
Tips on Buying Athletic Shoes for Kids
Children's Feet
Your Child’s Foot Care: Every Step Counts
Pediatric Foot or Ankle Sprain May Be a More Complex Growth Plate Injury

Diabetes

Diabetic Foot Care: Diligence is Critical to Prevent Amputations
Achilles Tendon Surgery Heals Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Bioengineered Skin Replacement Therapy Shown Effective for Chronic Foot Ulcers
Routine Foot Exams Urged for Diabetes Care
New Guidelines Address Diabetic Foot Disorder
Diabetic Athletes Face More Foot Injuries Than Non-diabetic Athletes

Foot/Ankle Pain

Freezing Relieves Painful Foot Neuromas
New Guidelines Help Doctors Diagnose, Treat Heel Pain
Seniors: Aging Doesn't Cause Foot Pain
New Shock Wave Therapy Relieves Heel Pain
Heel Pain
Oh, Our Aching Feet!

Surgery

Toe Joint Surgery Relieves Arthritis Pain: New Study Shows Satisfaction with Outcomes
Surgery for Adult-Acquired Flatfoot Draws High Patient Satisfaction Levels
Patients Say Foot and Ankle Surgery Relieves Arthritis Pain
New Arthroscopy Technology Repairs Damaged Ankles, Relieves Arthritis Pain
Unsuccessful Bunion Surgery can be Corrected
Corrective Surgery and Other Techniques Can Help Ease Bunion Pain
Foot Health: New Bunion Procedure Quickens Rehabilitation and Healing
New Achilles Tendon Repair Surgery Produces Improved Results
Arthroscopic Surgery Isn’t Just For Knees Any More

Other topics

Lawnmower Accidents Needn't Be a Rite of Spring
Avoid Winter Foot and Ankle Woes
Treating Flat Feet Early Avoids Complications Later
Research Shows Feet May Indicate Early Signs of Osteoporosis
 

Dermatology Pictures

Dermatology Image Atlas - Johns Hopkins University
Dermatology Pictures - University of Erlangen and University of Heidelberg, Germany

Podiatry Organizations

American Academy of Podiatric Sports Medicine
American Board of Podiatric Surgery
American Board of Podiatric Orthopedics and Primary Podiatric Medicine 
American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons
American Podiatric Medical Association
Wisconsin Society of Podiatric Medicine
 

Podiatry-Related Websites

CME Online - (continuing medical education)
Encarta Podiatry
Foot and Ankle Model in 3-D
Foot Talk
Foot Web
Footcaredirect

Podiatry Channel
Podiatryinfo.com
Solemates
ThatFootSite.com
The Diabetic Foot Risk Calculator - the University of Texas, San Antonio
The Podiatry Institute
 

Podiatry & Sports Magazines

Foot & Ankle International
Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association
Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery
Podiatry Magazine
Podiatry Online
Podiatry Today
Runners World

 

Colleges of Podiatric Medicine (Podiatry)

Barry University School of Graduate Medical Sciences - Miami, FL
California College of Podiatric Medicine - Oakland, CA
College of Podiatric Medicine and Surgery - Des Moines University - Iowa
Dr. William M. Scholl College of Podiatric Medicine - Chicago, Illinois
New York College of Podiatric Medicine - NY
Ohio College of Podiatric Medicine - Cleveland, OH
Temple University of Podiatric Medicine - PA
Podiatric Medical Education - American Association of Colleges of Podiatric Medicine
 

Other Medical / Health Websites

American Diabetes Association
Antibiotic Prescribing Guide - the Medical College of Wisconsin
Center for Disease Control - US Government
CliniWeb International
Combined Health Information Database (CHID)
Countway Web Resources
Dermatology Atlas Online
Diabetes Care
Hardin Meta Directory of Internet Health Sources
HealthWeb
Martindale's Health Science Guide
Medical Matrix
MedNets
MedWeb
Merck Manual
National Center for Biotechnology Information
MEDLINEplus
Physicians Online
US Department of Health and Human Services
Virtual Hospital
WebMD
 

Remember to visit our NEW Online Footcare Store,
with hundreds of different footcare and healthcare products.

Footcare Products for Sale

We offer Foot Care Products for sale such as Orthotics, Plantar Fasciitis Night Splints and Tineacide antifungal medication.  Order online with DrNelsonClinic.com and you'll save time and money!

Onlineshoes.com

Looking for Orthotics / Arch Supports? 

Visit our Foot Care Store.  We offer a variety of different models from WalkFit, SuperFeet, OrthoFeet, PowerStep and more.

Which Orthotic / Arch Support Should I Use?

Dr Nelson's comments: 
The best fitting and functioning type of arch support is a custom made prescription orthotic, which can be made by your podiatrist.  Generally, for most people, I recommend trying a pre-made arch support before progressing to an expensive pair of custom made orthotics.  Finding a comfortable and effective pre-made arch support can be difficult.  There are hundreds of varieties on the market and that can make it confusing for customers.  Due to the variations in people's foot shapes, foot problems and style variations in different products, there is no "one type fits all" arch support available.  That's why DrNelsonClinic offers different brands and models like OrthoFeet, SuperFeet, WalkFit and PowerStep to choose among.  Fortunately, for most people, I've found that the OrthoFeet BioSole gel self-molding orthotics work the best and fit almost everybody.  Among the hundreds of pre-made arch supports I've seen and used, the OrthoFeet BioSole models give the best support and pain relief for people with plantar fasciitis and heel pain.  It's by far my favorite model for people with heel pain, due in part to the higher arch and shock absorbing gel under the heel.  Be aware that the standard OrthoFeet BioSole "sport" model is rather thick through the arch and it fits into athletic, work boots and walking shoes, but may not fit into a shallow shoe, like a dress shoe.  If you want to use the OrthoFeet in a shallow shoe, like a dress shoe, then use the "thin-line" or "high heel dress" models.  The "sport" model may also be too high in the arch area for people with very flat feet.  For elderly or arthritic people and those that want extra cushioning and softness under the foot, while still getting extra support under the arch, try the OrthoFeet BioSole "soft" model.  If you don't need extra arch support or heel pain relief  and only want shock absorption and cushioning under the foot, try the OrthoFeet "ThermoFit" model.  After you start using any brand of arch supports, remember to break them in gradually, because is will take some time for the orthotic and your feet to adjust to each other.  I personally use the OrthoFeet BioSole sport model in my athletic shoes and have found them to be as effective and comfortable as my expensive custom prescription orthotics.  But, it did take longer to "break-in" the OrthoFeet supports than my custom orthotics.  If you don't have plantar fasciitis or heel pain or if you have a flat foot and can't tolerate an arch support with a higher arch, but still want great foot support to relieve foot fatigue and strain, you should also consider SuperFeet Synergizer orthotics, which are our most popular arch supports.  SuperFeet Synergizer orthotics have been highly recommended by sports and outdoor publications such as Backpacker
magazine. 

Dr. Nelson's "Top 10" Tips for Treating Plantar Fasciitis (aka - "heel spurs")

1)    Wear a custom-made prescription orthotic (best treatment) or a high quality pre-made type arch support, like Orthofeet BioSole. - *very important*
2)    Use a plantar fasciitis night splint, while sleeping or sitting down to gently stretch the plantar fascia and prevent it from tightening. - *very important*
3)    Do "runner's stretches" (or other stretches) to stretch the back of the calves and the arch of the foot. - *very important*
4)    Stretch the arch of the foot in bed before getting out of bed in the morning.
5)    Don't run, jog or use stair climbers until the pain resolves.  Wear supportive, cushioned, "athletic" type shoes.
6)    Apply ice to the arch and heel after being active on the foot.
7)   Consider taking anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs), if you can tolerate them, but be cautious of possible dangerous side effects.
8)    Don't climb ladders, don't walk barefoot, avoid going up/down stairs, avoid prolonged walking/standing, don't rest the arch or heel on cross bars and avoid smoking.
9)    If overweight, try to lose weight.
10)  If not improving, see your podiatrist who may be able to offer you other treatments, such as "cortisone" injections, anti-inflammatory medications, extracorporial shock wave therapy, physical therapy, surgery and more.

You don't have to suffer with heel pain.  You can get rid of your heel pain if you follow each of the top 5 suggestions listed above.  If you do each of the top 5 suggestions on a daily basis, you have over a 90% chance of eliminating your pain due to plantar fasciitis (heel spurs). 

Successfully relieving plantar fasciitis heel pain requires using a variety of synergistic treatment modalities.  The goal is to stop the activities which are irritating the plantar fascia, position the foot into the correct anatomical alignment, reduce strain on the plantar fascia while standing/walking, calm down the inflammation and stretch out the plantar fascia, so that it can heal properly in an elongated position.  The longer you let heel pain go untreated, the harder it becomes to eliminate the pain.  For most people, using a combination of arch supports/orthotics, a night splint while sleeping or sitting down, stretching twice daily and modifying their activities is sufficient to make their plantar fasciitis heel pain progressively resolve.  Fortunately, surgery is rarely needed.  Keep a positive attitude and remember that, yes, you can usually eliminate your heel pain by using these treatment suggestions.

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Disclaimer:  The information on  DrNelsonClinic.com should not be considered medical advice and is for general informational purposes only and should not be used in place of a consultation or advice from your podiatrist or other physician.  The information on this website is not complete or all inclusive of all diseases, ailments, medical treatments or surgical treatments.  You should see a podiatrist or other physician immediately for diagnosis and treatment of medical problems or concerns.  Do not disregard medical advice or delay seeking medical care because of information you read on this website.  Dr. Mark Nelson, DPM and DrNelsonClinic.com does not recommend self-diagnosis or self-treatment of foot, ankle or any other health problems.  Dr. Mark Nelson, DPM and DrNelsonClinic.com does not make or imply any guarantees or warranties regarding the accuracy or completeness of the information on this website or other websites.  All questions or disputes with products purchased from merchant affiliates of DrNelsonClinic.com should be directed to that merchant.  DrNelsonClinic.com and Dr. Mark Nelson, DPM do not endorse or substantiate any claims made by product manufacturers or other websites.  DrNelsonClinic.com and Dr. Mark Nelson, DPM make no guarantees and accept no liability for any damages resulting from information on this website or product purchases made through this website.  If you do not agree to the terms of this disclaimer you should disregard any information on this website and not purchase any products through this website.
 

 

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Last modified: 10/13/10